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Ethics and Discretion in Public Administration TN Dhakal Background The idea of ethics and the administrative discretion can be traced in the Western as well as in the Eastern religious philosophies which laid the foundation for philosophical ethics. Socrates – Greek philosopher determined a general ranking of "universal morals" in order to find out certain criterion that could test what course of action to take in any immediate situation. Socrates assigned value orders as well as certain " means to ends " that would determine alternatives for ethical philosophical generalization and creating a basis for administrative discretion. The modern world has   seen   an increase   in interest   in   the   areas   related   to   the   ethics   in Public Administration, however there is little study on ethical   and   philosophical   dilemmas   related   to   the   concept   of   ethics   in   public administration. It is important to focus on the   importance